Coach Self-Talk: How Your Inner Voice Shapes Confidence and Leadership

You know that famous quote: “Don’t believe everything you think”? Well, it is very true! 🙂 We should not believe everything we think, or everything we “tell” ourselves inside of our minds, especially if we are not fully aware of the tone of our self-talk. Have you ever stood on the sidelines during a critical moment of a match, and instead of focusing on your athletes, you heard a voice inside your head saying something like: “You should have prepared them better for this”, “This is terrible”, or “What if this doesn’t work out?” If you have experienced this, you are certainly not alone. Every coach, regardless of experience level, has a “coach self-talk”, an inner voice that constantly comments on their decisions, their leadership, and their worth as a coach.

The way you talk to yourself during training sessions, competitions, and even in moments of reflection has a profound impact on how you show up for your athletes. Your coach self-talk is not just background noise in your mind. It is the foundation upon which your confidence, your decision-making, and your entire coaching identity are built. Understanding this internal dialogue and learning how to shape it deliberately is one of the most powerful skills any coach can develop.

In this article, I want to explore the topic of coach self-talk in depth because I believe it is one of the most overlooked aspects of coaching development. We spend so much time learning technical skills, tactical strategies, and communication techniques, but we rarely invest time in understanding the conversations we have with ourselves. And yet, those conversations often determine whether we lead with confidence or hesitation, whether we inspire our athletes or unintentionally transfer our doubts to them.

Key Takeaways

• Your coach self-talk shapes everything you do – The internal dialogue you have with yourself directly influences your confidence, decision-making, body language, and leadership presence. Your athletes constantly read your external expression of this internal conversation, meaning your self-talk affects not just you but your entire team.
• Awareness is the first step to change – You can’t transform what you can’t notice. By keeping a coaching journal, identifying your triggers, and practicing mindful pauses, you can bring your automatic thought patterns into conscious awareness and create the option to respond differently.
• Destructive self-talk follows predictable patterns – The perfectionist voice, the impostor voice, the comparison voice, the catastrophizer, and the blame voice are common patterns that undermine coaching effectiveness. Recognizing which patterns show up most frequently in your mind helps you develop targeted strategies to address them.
• Practical strategies can shift your internal dialogue – Distanced self-talk, reframing negative thoughts, pre-performance routines, victory logs, and the compassionate observer technique are all research-backed methods that help you develop a more balanced and supportive relationship with your inner voice.
• Transforming your self-talk is a practice, not a one-time fix – Building healthy coach self-talk requires consistent effort over time. Each time you catch a destructive thought and consciously shift to a constructive one, you strengthen new neural pathways that will eventually become more automatic.

Why Coach Self-Talk Matters More Than You Might Think

When we discuss self-talk in the context of sports, the conversation usually centers on athletes. There are countless studies showing how positive self-talk can improve athletic performance, reduce anxiety, and build confidence in players. Research from the University of Thessaly has demonstrated that self-talk interventions can improve sports performance by helping athletes focus on technique and maintain motivation. But what about the coaches? What about the internal dialogue that shapes how we teach, lead, and support our athletes every single day?

The reality is that coach self-talk operates on the same psychological principles as athlete self-talk, but with even broader implications. When an athlete has negative self-talk, it primarily affects their own performance. When a coach struggles with destructive internal dialogue, it can affect an entire team, and sometimes even an entire generation of athletes who pass through that coach’s influence.

Think about it this way. Your athletes are constantly observing and reading you. They notice your body language, your tone of voice, your energy levels, and your reactions to challenging situations. What they are actually reading is the external expression of your internal dialogue. If your coach self-talk is filled with doubt and criticism, that will inevitably show up in how you carry yourself. If your inner voice is supportive and focused, that too will be visible in your coaching presence.

I have worked with coaches in over 20 countries throughout my career, and one pattern I have noticed consistently is that the most effective coaches are not necessarily the ones who know the most about their sport. They are the ones who have developed a healthy relationship with their own inner voice. They have learned to use coach self-talk as a tool for growth rather than a source of self-sabotage.

Understanding the Two Types of Internal Dialogue

Before we can improve our coach self-talk, we need to understand what it actually is and how it functions. Internal dialogue generally falls into two categories (if split by purpose or function), and most of us experience both at different times.

Instructional self-talk refers to the internal statements we make that guide our actions and decisions. For coaches, this might sound like: “Remember to give specific feedback on that technique” or “Stay calm and focus on what you can control right now.” This type of self-talk is task-oriented and helps us stay focused on the process rather than getting lost in emotions or distractions.

Motivational self-talk refers to the internal statements that affect our emotional state and confidence levels. This might sound like: “You have prepared well for this” or “You know what you are doing.” This type of coach self-talk influences how we feel about ourselves and our capabilities, which in turn affects our willingness to take risks, make decisions, and lead with authority.

Both types of self-talk can be either constructive or destructive. Constructive coach self-talk supports your effectiveness, maintains your confidence, and helps you stay focused on what matters. Destructive self-talk undermines your confidence, creates doubt, and can lead to decision paralysis or emotional reactivity.

The goal is not to eliminate all negative thoughts. That would be unrealistic and probably impossible. The goal is to become aware of your internal dialogue and develop the ability to consciously shift it when needed. This awareness is the foundation of all the strategies I will share in this article.

The Science Behind Self-Talk and Coaching Performance

Understanding the neuroscience behind self-talk can help us appreciate why this topic deserves serious attention. When we engage in negative self-talk, our brain responds as if we are facing an actual threat. The amygdala, which is responsible for processing emotions and triggering our stress response, becomes activated. This triggers the release of cortisol and other stress hormones, which can impair our cognitive functions, reduce our ability to think clearly, and make us more reactive rather than responsive.

Research published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology has shown that the way we talk to ourselves can significantly influence our emotional regulation and performance under pressure. When participants in studies used distanced self-talk (referring to themselves by name or using “you” instead of “I”), they showed improved emotional control and better performance in stressful situations.

For coaches, this has practical implications. The internal dialogue you engage in before a big match, during a challenging training session, or after a disappointing result directly affects your ability to lead effectively. Negative coach self-talk does not just make you feel bad. It actually impairs your coaching performance by reducing your cognitive flexibility, narrowing your focus, and making you less able to see creative solutions to problems.

On the other hand, constructive self-talk has been shown to activate the prefrontal cortex, the part of the brain responsible for executive functions like planning, decision-making, and emotional regulation. When your coach self-talk is supportive and focused, you are literally putting yourself in a better brain state for effective leadership.

Common Patterns of Destructive Coach Self-Talk

One of the first steps in improving your internal dialogue is recognizing the patterns that are not serving you. Over the years, I have observed several common types of destructive coach self-talk that many coaches struggle with. See if any of these sound familiar to you:

The Perfectionist Voice constantly criticizes you for anything less than perfect execution. It might say things like: “That drill was really bad. You should have explained it better.” Or: “A good coach would never have let that happen.” This voice sets impossible standards and then punishes you for failing to meet them.

The Impostor Voice questions your right to be in your coaching position. It whispers things like: “Who are you to be coaching at this level?” Or: “Sooner or later, everyone will realize you don’t actually know what you are doing.” This type of coach self-talk is particularly common among coaches who have achieved success, as they often fear that their accomplishments were somehow undeserved.

The Comparison Voice constantly measures you against other coaches. It says things like: “Look at how that coach handles their team. You could never be that confident.” Or: “Other coaches have much more knowledge than you.” This voice ignores your unique strengths and experiences while amplifying the perceived superiority of others.

The Catastrophizer predicts negative outcomes and worst-case scenarios. It might say: “If we lose this match, the parents will lose confidence in me.” Or: “This season is going to be a disaster.” This type of self-talk creates anxiety about future events that may never happen, draining your energy and focus in the present.

The Blame Voice either blames you for everything or blames external circumstances for everything. Neither extreme is helpful. Taking excessive responsibility leads to guilt and shame, while taking no responsibility prevents growth and learning.

Recognizing which of these voices shows up most frequently in your own mind is an important first step. Once you can identify your dominant patterns of destructive coach self-talk, you can start developing specific strategies to address them.

Additional Patterns of Destructive Coach Self-Talk

Beyond the five most common patterns, there are several other additional forms of destructive internal dialogue. Understanding these patterns can help you identify even more subtle ways your inner voice might be undermining your confidence and effectiveness.

Mind-Reading and Imagined Judgment

• Script: “They think I’m incompetent.” “The parents (team board, audience, etc.) are judging my every move.”
• Cost: People-pleasing, defensive communication, loss of presence. You coach for approval rather than for your athletes’ development.

Should Statements and Moral Pressure

• Script: “I should always know the answer.” “I should never feel nervous.” “I should be further along by now.”
• Cost: Shame, internal tension, reduced flexibility. “Should” becomes a whip you use against yourself.

Control Fantasies

• Script: “If I do not control everything, it will go wrong.” “I need to manage every detail.”
• Cost: Micromanaging, athletes become dependent on you for decisions, and you become exhausted trying to control the uncontrollable.

Emotional Invalidation

• Script: “Stop being soft.” “This feeling is stupid.” “I should not be affected by this.”
• Cost: Feelings do not disappear when invalidated. They leak out sideways as a snappy tone, shutdown, or coldness toward your athletes.

Confirmation Bias Toward the Negative

• Script: “See, I knew it would happen.” “We always crumble under pressure.” “They never listen to me.”
• Cost: You stop noticing progress and improvement. The team narrative turns pessimistic, and that pessimism becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Threat-Based Self-Talk in Pressure Moments

• Script: “Don’t mess this up.” “You can’t afford to fail here.”
• Cost: Tight attention, narrow vision, and reactive rather than responsive coaching. Your focus shifts to avoiding failure rather than pursuing success.

“I Am Alone in This” Stories

• Script: “No one supports me.” “I have to carry this entire team by myself.” “No one understands what I am dealing with.”
• Cost: Isolation, resentment, reduced help-seeking. You cut yourself off from the support and collaboration that could actually help you.

Two Coach-Specific Destructive Loops

In addition to these patterns, there are two destructive loops that are particularly common among coaches. These loops combine several patterns into recurring cycles that can be especially hard to break.

The Fixer Loop

• Script: “I must solve every problem immediately.” “If something is wrong, it is my job to fix it right now.”
• Cost: Over-coaching, too many cues and instructions, athletes lose ownership of their development. You become exhausted trying to fix everything while your athletes become dependent on you for solutions.

The Protector Loop

• Script: “I must prevent discomfort. Mine and theirs.” “I can’t let my athletes struggle or feel bad.”
• Cost: Avoiding hard conversations, unclear boundaries, mixed messages. Your athletes miss opportunities to develop resilience because you shield them from the challenges that would help them grow.

The Impact of Your Inner Voice on Your Athletes

Your internal dialogue does not stay internal. It shapes your external behavior in ways that directly affect your athletes. This connection between coach self-talk and athlete development is something I feel passionately about, because I have seen firsthand how a coach’s internal struggles can inadvertently harm the very athletes they are trying to help.

When your inner voice is critical and harsh toward yourself, you may unconsciously adopt a critical and harsh tone with your athletes. Not because you intend to be harsh, but because that is the communication style you are practicing internally every day. The way we speak to ourselves becomes the template for how we speak to others.

Similarly, if your coach self-talk is dominated by fear and anxiety about outcomes, you may unconsciously transfer that anxiety to your athletes. They will pick up on your tension, your hesitation, and your fear of failure. Athletes are remarkably perceptive, especially when it comes to reading their coach’s emotional state.

I wrote extensively about the role and importance of a handball goalkeeper and how their psychological state influences the entire team. The same principle applies to coaches. Your internal state creates a ripple effect that touches every athlete you work with.

On the positive side, when your inner voice is supportive, focused, and confident, that too will be reflected in your coaching. Athletes will feel more secure knowing their coach believes in the process and in their abilities. Your coach self-talk literally creates the emotional environment in which your athletes train and compete.

Developing Self-Awareness: The Foundation of Change

The first practical step in transforming your internal dialogue is developing awareness of it. This might sound simple, but it requires deliberate practice. Most of our self-talk happens automatically, below the level of conscious awareness. We do not choose these thoughts; they simply appear. The goal is to bring this automatic process into conscious awareness so that we have the option to respond differently.

Here are some practical ways to develop awareness of your coach self-talk:

• Keep a coaching journal – After each training session or match, take five minutes to write down what you were telling yourself during challenging moments. Do not judge or analyze, just record and write it down. Over time, certain patterns will emerge.
• Create trigger awareness – Identify the situations that tend to activate your negative self-talk. Is it when things do not go according to plan? Is it when you feel observed or evaluated by others? Is it when an athlete makes repeated mistakes? Knowing your triggers helps you prepare for them.
• Practice mindful pauses – Throughout your coaching day, pause briefly and ask yourself: “What am I telling myself right now?” This simple question can interrupt automatic thought patterns and create space for conscious choice.
• Use video reflection – If you record your training sessions, watch them not just for technical content but for your own emotional reactions. Notice moments when you seemed tense, frustrated, or hesitant, and try to remember what your coach self-talk was in those moments.

The purpose of developing this awareness is not to criticize yourself for having negative thoughts. That would just add another layer of negative self-talk. The purpose is simply to see clearly what is happening in your mind so that you can make informed choices about how to respond.

Practical Strategies for Transforming Your Coach Self-Talk

Once you have developed awareness of your internal dialogue patterns, you can start implementing specific strategies to shift them in a more constructive direction. These strategies are not about forcing positive thinking or pretending that challenges do not exist. They are about developing a more balanced, realistic, and supportive relationship with your own mind.

Strategy 1: Distanced Self-Talk

One of the most research-backed techniques for improving self-talk is called distanced self-talk. Instead of using “I” when talking to yourself, you use your own name or “you.” For example, instead of thinking “I am so nervous about this match,” you would think “[Your name], you have prepared for this. Trust your preparation.”

This small linguistic shift creates psychological distance from the situation, which helps regulate emotions and reduce anxiety. It allows you to give yourself the same kind of supportive advice you would give to a colleague or friend. Research has shown that this technique can reduce anxiety and improve performance in stressful situations.

Try using distanced self-talk before important coaching moments. Before a big match or a difficult conversation with an athlete, take a moment and address yourself by name. Remind yourself of what you know and what you have prepared. This form of coach self-talk can help you access a calmer, more confident state.

Strategy 2: Reframing Negative Thoughts

Reframing is the practice of taking a negative thought and finding a more balanced or constructive interpretation. This is not about denying reality or pretending everything is perfect. It is about recognizing that there are usually multiple ways to interpret any situation, and some interpretations are more helpful than others.

For example, if your coach self-talk says: “That training session was a complete failure,” you might reframe it as “That session did not go as planned, and I learned some important things about what needs adjustment.” The facts remain the same, but the interpretation shifts from global condemnation to specific learning.

Here are some common negative thoughts and possible reframes:

• Negative: “I should know this by now. What is wrong with me?”
• Reframe: “This is challenging, and it is okay that I am still learning. Every coach is always learning.”
• Negative: “My athletes are not improving. I must be doing something wrong.”
• Reframe: “Progress is not always linear. Let me look at what has improved and what might need a different approach.”
• Negative: “Other coaches would handle this better than me.”
• Reframe: “Every coach has unique strengths. I bring my own experiences and perspectives that have value.”

The key with reframing is that the new thought must be believable. If you try to replace a negative thought with something that feels false or forced, it will not work. The reframe should acknowledge reality while offering a more constructive perspective.

Strategy 3: Pre-Performance Routines That Include Self-Talk

Many coaches help their athletes develop pre-performance routines, but fewer coaches apply the same principle to themselves. Having a deliberate routine that includes positive coach self-talk can help you enter training sessions and competitions in a better mental state.

Your pre-coaching routine might include:

• A few minutes of centering. This could be deep breathing, a brief meditation, or simply sitting quietly and focusing on the present moment.
• Intentional self-talk statements. Choose two or three statements that remind you of your values and capabilities. These might be things like: “I am here to help these athletes grow” or “I trust my knowledge and preparation.”
• A physical reset. Some coaches find it helpful to have a physical gesture that signals the transition into coaching mode. This could be as simple as taking a deep breath and rolling your shoulders back.
• Visualization of your coaching presence. Briefly imagine yourself coaching with confidence, making calm decisions, and communicating clearly with your athletes.

Having this kind of routine gives your coach self-talk a specific time and place, making it easier to engage with deliberately rather than leaving it to chance.

Strategy 4: The Victory Log

This concept comes from sports psychology and is incredibly valuable for coaches. A victory log is a record of your successes, positive feedback, and moments when you handled challenging situations well. When your inner critic becomes loud, you can refer to this log as concrete evidence against the negative self-talk.

Your victory log might include:

• Specific moments when your coaching made a visible positive difference
• Positive feedback from athletes, parents, or colleagues
• Times when you handled difficult situations with composure
• New skills or knowledge you have developed
• Goals you have achieved

The purpose of the victory log is not to inflate your ego but to provide balance. Our minds have a negativity bias, meaning we naturally remember and focus on negative events more than positive ones. The victory log corrects this bias by keeping positive evidence easily accessible.

When your coach self-talk says “You are not good enough,” you can look at your victory log and respond with specific examples that contradict that narrative.

Strategy 5: The Compassionate Observer

This strategy involves imagining how a compassionate, supportive observer would view your situation. When you are caught in negative self-talk, ask yourself: “How would someone who genuinely cares about me and understands coaching describe this situation?”

This compassionate observer would likely acknowledge your challenges without catastrophizing them. They would recognize your efforts and intentions, even when results are not perfect. They would offer encouragement rather than criticism.

The compassionate observer technique is particularly helpful for coaches who tend to be very hard on themselves. It creates distance from the harsh inner critic and offers a more balanced perspective. Over time, you can internalize this compassionate voice so that it becomes part of your natural coach self-talk.

Building Confidence Through Deliberate Self-Talk Practice

Confidence is not something you either have or do not have. It is something you build through experience, preparation, and deliberate mental practices. Coach self-talk plays a crucial role in this confidence-building process.

Confidence in coaching comes from several sources:

• Preparation – Knowing that you have done the work to prepare for your role. Your self-talk should reflect this: “I have prepared for this. I know my material.”
• Past successes – Remembering times when you have handled similar situations well. Your self-talk should draw on this evidence: “I have dealt with challenges like this before and found solutions.”
• Growth mindset – Believing that your abilities can develop with effort and learning. Your self-talk should support this: “This is difficult, and I am capable of figuring it out.”
• Self-compassion – Treating yourself with kindness when things go wrong. Your self-talk should reflect this: “Making mistakes is part of growth. What can I learn from this?”

When you deliberately practice coach self-talk that reinforces these confidence sources, you create a positive spiral. Confidence leads to better performance, which provides more evidence for confidence, which strengthens your self-talk, and so on.

I encourage coaches I work with to identify specific confidence statements that resonate with them personally. These should be statements that feel true and meaningful, not generic affirmations. A statement like: “I bring unique value to my athletes because of my experiences and commitment to their development” is more powerful than a generic, surface level statement: “I am a great coach.”

The Role of Self-Talk in Leadership Presence

Your leadership presence, the way you show up and are perceived by your athletes and colleagues, is directly shaped by your internal dialogue. Coaches with strong leadership presence tend to have coach self-talk that is grounded, focused, and self-assured. They do not need external validation to feel confident in their role.

Leadership presence is communicated through:

• Body language – Your posture, eye contact, and physical movements reflect your internal state.
• Voice – The tone, pace, and volume of your voice communicate confidence or uncertainty.
• Decision-making – How quickly and decisively you make choices reflects your internal confidence.
• Emotional regulation – How you handle stress and setbacks shows your inner stability.

All of these external expressions are influenced by your coach self-talk. If your internal dialogue is saying “I do not know what to do,” your body language will likely communicate uncertainty. If your self-talk is saying “Let me assess this and make a decision,” your presence will be more commanding.

One practical technique is to develop a “leadership mantra”, a short phrase you can repeat to yourself when you need to access your leadership presence. This might be something like “Calm, clear, confident” or “Present and focused.” These mantras become part of your coach self-talk and help you quickly shift into a leadership mindset when needed.

Handling Setbacks: Self-Talk in Difficult Moments

How you talk to yourself after setbacks and failures is one of the most important aspects of coach self-talk. These are the moments when our inner critic tends to be loudest and most destructive. They are also the moments with the greatest potential for growth and learning.

When things go wrong, you have a choice about how to respond internally. Here are two contrasting approaches:

The destructive response: “This is a disaster. I failed completely. I should have done everything differently. What is wrong with me?”

The constructive response: “This did not go as planned, and that is disappointing. Let me look at what happened with curiosity rather than judgment. What can I learn from this? What was within my control and what was not? How can I move forward from here?”

The second response does not deny the difficulty of the situation. It acknowledges disappointment and challenge while maintaining a constructive focus on learning and growth.

After setbacks, try using these self-talk strategies:

• Acknowledge the emotion. “I am disappointed, and that is understandable.”
• Separate behavior from identity. “This did not work” rather than “I am a failure.”
• Focus on what you can control. “I cannot change what happened, but I can control how I respond.”
• Extract learning. “What specifically can I take from this experience?”
• Look forward. “What is my next step?”

This kind of coach self-talk does not make setbacks painless, but it does help you process them in a way that supports resilience and continued growth.

The Connection to Athlete Development

Everything we have discussed about coach self-talk also applies to helping your athletes develop their own positive internal dialogue. Once you have experience with these techniques, you are in a much better position to teach them to your athletes.

In my work with building self-confidence in young athletes, I emphasize the importance of coaches modeling healthy self-talk. Athletes learn as much from observing their coaches as they do from direct instruction. When you demonstrate constructive self-talk, when you handle setbacks with composure and self-compassion, when you approach challenges with curiosity rather than fear, you are teaching your athletes valuable mental skills.

You can also explicitly teach self-talk strategies to your athletes. Share what you have learned. Discuss the importance of internal dialogue. Help them identify their own negative patterns and develop more constructive alternatives. The work you do on your own coach self-talk directly enables you to better support your athletes’ mental development.

Embracing the Journey

Developing healthy coach self-talk is not about achieving perfection. It is about progress. There will be days when your inner critic is loud and persistent. There will be moments when you fall back into old patterns. This is normal and expected.

What matters is that you keep returning to the practice. Each time you catch a destructive thought and consciously shift to a more constructive one, you are strengthening new neural pathways. Each time you use distanced self-talk or reframing or compassionate observation, you are building skills that will become more automatic over time.

The goal is not to eliminate all negative thoughts. That is neither possible nor desirable. Negative thoughts can sometimes carry useful information. The goal is to develop a healthier relationship with your thoughts, one where you are not controlled by your inner critic but rather able to observe it, learn from it when appropriate, and redirect it when it is not serving you.

Your coach self-talk is one of the most powerful tools you have for your own development and for the development of your athletes. I hope this article has given you both the bigger understanding and the practical strategies to start working with this tool more deliberately.

Summary and Your Challenge

Let me recap now in the end the most essential insights from this article:

• Your coach self-talk directly influences your confidence, leadership presence, and coaching effectiveness
• Internal dialogue affects not just you but also creates a ripple effect that impacts your athletes
• Awareness is the foundation of change, so you must first recognize your patterns before you can shift them
• Destructive self-talk patterns include perfectionism, impostor thoughts, comparison, catastrophizing, and blame
• Constructive strategies include distanced self-talk, reframing, pre-performance routines, victory logs, and compassionate observation
• Building confidence through deliberate self-talk is an ongoing practice, not a one-time achievement
• The work you do on your own internal dialogue enables you to better support your athletes’ mental development

Now I want to challenge you to take action. This week, choose at least one strategy from this article and commit to practicing it. Here are some options:

1. Start a simple coaching journal where you record your self-talk after each session
2. Create three personal confidence statements and write them where you will see them daily
3. Practice distanced self-talk before your next important coaching moment
4. Start building your victory log with five specific examples of your coaching successes

The strategy you choose matters less than the commitment to actually practice it. Transformation happens through consistent action, not just through understanding concepts.

Your inner voice has been shaping your coaching for your entire career. Now it is time to start shaping your inner voice deliberately. The athletes you work with deserve a coach who leads with confidence, composure, and clarity. And you deserve to experience the satisfaction of coaching from that place.  🙂

Stay in Touch
Do you have any coaching challenges you’d like me to address? Let me know what topics you struggle with most in goalkeeper coaching by filling out this form.

Never miss an update
Subscribe to my newsletter to receive updates about my online and in-person projects, research papers, creative projects (blog posts, books, e-books), and new online programs.

My Online Video Courses:
– Level 1 Video Course for Coaches
– Level 2 Video Course for Coaches
– Sliding Technique Video Course
– Agility Ladder Drills Video Collection – 102 drills

Subject to Copyright
Unauthorized use and/or duplication of any content from this website without express written permission from this site’s owner is strictly prohibited. All content (including text, data, graphics files, images, illustrations, videos, and sound files) contained in www.vanjaradic.fi is copyrighted unless otherwise noted and is the property of Vanja Radic Coaching. If you wish to cite or use any content from my website, please contact me first to obtain permission.